CCRIS 83
Beryllium oxide
CAS: 1304-56-9
Molecular Formula: BeO
CCRIS 83 - Names and Identifiers
CCRIS 83 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | BeO |
| Molar Mass | 25.01 |
| Density | 3.01g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 2575°C |
| Boling Point | 4300°C |
| Flash Point | 4300°C |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble in water. Slowly soluble in concentrated acids, alkali hydroxides |
| Appearance | Powder |
| Specific Gravity | 3.01 |
| Color | white |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 0.00005 mg/m3OSHA: Ceiling 2 μg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 4 mg/m3; Ceiling 0.0005 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,1172 |
| Stability | Stable. |
| Refractive Index | 1.733 |
CCRIS 83 - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | T+ - Very toxic |
| Risk Codes | R49 - May cause cancer by inhalation R25 - Toxic if swallowed R26 - Very Toxic by inhalation R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact R48/23 - |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | UN 1566 6.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | DS4025000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
CCRIS 83 - Reference Information
| crystal Structure | Hexagonal, Wurtzite (Zincite) Structure - Space Group P 63mc |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| basic physical properties | Chinese name: beryllium oxide alias: beryllium oxide English name: beryllium oxide density: 3.025 Melting Point: 2350°C Boiling Point: 3900°C solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in acid and alkali flash point: 4300°C Appearance: White amorphous powder Sample: |
| Overview | beryllium oxide is a kind of white amorphous powder which is not soluble in water, because of its extremely high melting point, excellent thermal conductivity is generally used to add beryllium oxide ceramics as microwave high-power electric vacuum devices and microelectronic packaging devices. |
| production method | in view of the distribution characteristics of mineral resources in China, Beryl, beryllium oxide concentrate and, limestone and sulfuric acid are used as raw materials for the production of beryllium oxide. At present, domestic and foreign enterprises mainly adopt the following three processes: sulfuric acid method, sulfuric acid extraction method and fluorination method. 1. Sulfuric acid method Using the sulfuric acid method, Beryl and limestone are melted in an electric arc furnace at high temperature and then quenched with water, then heated to 100 degrees or more, and acidified by rapidly adding concentrated sulfuric acid. The generated sulfate is leached and filtered in the leaching tank to separate beryllium, iron, aluminum and other metals into the human solution from silicon and calcium. After removing the iron and aluminum elements in the solution, adding sodium hydroxide for stirring, filtering, drying and satin burning, industrial beryllium oxide can be obtained. The total recovery rate of this method can reach about 75%. 2. Sulfuric acid extraction method This method is an improved process of sulfuric acid method. The process uses Beryl and limestone as raw materials, after high temperature melting, water quenching, acidification, leaching to obtain aluminum, the beryllium sulfate solution of iron and other impurities is extracted with an extractant, and then sodium hydroxide is added for back extraction. At the same time, the temperature is raised to 70 degrees. After hydrolysis, Be(OH)2 can Be obtained, and industrial beryllium oxide is obtained by high temperature calcination. 3. Fluorination method The fluorination method uses the reaction of Beryl with sodium fluorosilicate and sodium carbonate at 750 degrees to form soluble sodium salt of beryllium fluoride to separate it from impurities. The industrial beryllium oxide can be obtained by adding alkali to the filtrate to form beryllium hydroxide precipitate and calcining at high temperature. The total recovery rate of this method can reach about 85%. |
| application field | 1. In the field of nuclear industry, due to its neutron scattering cross section, reduction ratio is higher than that of metal beryllium and graphite, and the density is larger than that of metal beryllium, beryllium oxide has high strength and thermal conductivity at high temperature, it is therefore very suitable for the manufacture of reflectors, moderator and dispersed phase fuel substrates in reactors. At the same time, it can also be applied to nuclear reactors of ships, ships and other facilities. 2. In the field of military and aerospace beryllium oxide has high heat capacity and heat transfer performance, and is generally used as a refractory material in the shell of the rocket and the missile returning to the atmosphere and the nozzle of the rocket or the new generation of ultrasonic aircraft. At the same time, due to its good thermal shock stability, it can be used to make the blade of gas turbine. 3. In the field of ceramic materials [4] in many oxide ceramics, beryllium oxide ceramics have the best thermal conductivity, the largest calorific value, and have high strength, high stiffness, high melting point, dimensional stability and other characteristics, widely used in the electronics industry. It is often used in the fields of electrical insulators, semiconductor devices, transistor substrates and microwave antenna windows. 4. in the field of refractory materials, beryllium oxide has high unit resistance and strong carbon reduction resistance, and is an excellent refractory material, which is generally used to make the material of the reflection screen in the induction furnace, it is also applicable to an electric furnace heated by a tungsten heating element. At the same time, it also has a high heat of formation and a low partial pressure of oxygen, which is difficult to be reduced, and thus can also be used to prepare a crucible for heating in the extraction of uranium. 5. Other fields beryllium oxide can also be used for special coatings to improve the thermal stability and corrosion resistance of materials. For example, adding beryllium oxide in glass can make X-ray transmission, and can be used for structural analysis and medical treatment. It can also be used with zirconium, molybdenum or other refractory metals to form high temperature resistant beryllium compounds, preparation of corrosion-resistant materials for the exterior of aircraft. |
| storage and transportation conditions | before transportation, check whether the packaging container is complete and sealed, and ensure that the container does not leak during transportation, no collapse, fall or damage. It is strictly prohibited to mix with acids, oxidants, food and food additives. Transport vehicles shall be equipped with emergency treatment equipment for leakage during transportation. During transport should be protected against exposure to sunlight, rain, and high temperature. Road transport should follow the prescribed route, do not stay in residential areas and densely populated areas. |
| health hazard | poisoning by accidental ingestion or vacuum. Acute poisoning can cause bronchitis, bronchial inflammation and bronchial pneumonia. Can cause dermatitis, skin ulcer soup and skin granuloma. Chronic exposure can cause diffuse granulomatous lesions in the lung. |
| first aid | Skin Contact: remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of running water. Eye contact: lift the eyelids and rinse with running water or saline. The patient visited hospital. Inhalation: rapid departure from the scene to fresh air. Keep airway unobstructed. Such as Dyspnea, to the delivery of oxygen. If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration immediately and seek medical advice. Ingestion: drink enough warm water to induce vomiting. The patient visited hospital. |
| references | [1] Zhao shike. Properties and Applications of beryllium oxide ceramics [J]. Vacuum electronic technology. 2004(04) [2] Li Wenfang. A review on the application of beryllium oxide ceramics [J]. Light metals. 2010(02) [3] Li Chuan. Production, application and market of beryllium oxide [J]. Nonferrous metals in Xinjiang. 2005 [4] Li Chunlei. Application market and production technology of beryllium oxide [J]. Nonferrous metals in Xinjiang. 2007(04) [5] Li Xiaoying. Study on the standardization of beryllium oxide ceramic materials and products [J]. Vacuum electronic technology. 2008(01) [6] Wang Xiaochen. Research progress of beryllium oxide nanotubes [J]. Xi'an: Shaanxi Normal University. 2012 [7] Fang Mei. Beryllium oxide diamond films and their thermal conductivity [J]. Materials Science and Engineering, Powder Metallurgy. 2009(14) [8] Quan Jun. Process measures to improve the quality of industrial beryllium oxide products [J]. Rare metals and cemented carbides. 2006(34) [9] Gong Jinrong. Study on high purity beryllium oxide ceramic substrate and metallization [J]. Vacuum electronic technology. 2004(04) |
| Application | is mainly used for the manufacture of ceramic products, and is used in nuclear devices above the melting point of beryllium at high temperatures. It can also be used for the production of plutonium (Pu) in uranium reactors. Its active phosphorescence produces rows of light similar to the color of an enamel and is used in certain fluorescent lamps. refractories for analytical reagents, lining materials in solid integrated circuits for the electronic industry and single crystal furnaces |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity grade | highly toxic |
| explosive hazard characteristics | heat, reaction with magnesium explosion |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible; Thermal decomposition of toxic beryllium oxide smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored and transported separately from acids, magnesium and food |
| extinguishing agent | water, sand |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.001 mg (beryllium)/m3; Tel 0.002 mg (beryllium)/M3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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